I. Prerequisites

Install Git in system.

Make sure it in the PATH, and set the name and email

$ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
$ git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

II. Development Workflow

First, clone the repo to local.

$ cd /to/local/path
#clone repository
$ git clone ssh:xxxxxxxx.git

After clone has been done, you will have the master branch. Then you may need to develop a feature or make a bugfix.

Normally, we don’t develop directly on master branch. So it's better to create a seperate branch for each feature or bug fix.

# Create a feature branch
$ git checkout -b feature/foo master

# Make edits
$ git add changed files

# Commit your changes
# It's better to create jira ticket id or github issue id in each commit message
$ git commit -m "jira id:xxx"

Once the development is done, push the branch to server(github/bitbuket) and create a pull request to merge your changes.

# Once the feature is done, merge lastest changes from master
$ git checkout master
$ git pull
$ git checkout feature/foo
$ git merge master

# Then push your branch to server and create a pull request
$ git push

# Once your pull request is merged and remote branch is deleted, clean up local branches
$ git fetch -p

The branch must build and pass all the tests before it can be merged.

III. Branch Name Conventions

Use lowercase letters & numbers,

  • - (minus/dash) for separators.

Branch names start with

  • feature/ for new features
  • release/ for releases
  • bugfix/ for bug fixes

IV. Some Git Commands

1. Diff before commit

Before commit, you can see what is about to be commited using git diff with --cached option

$ git add file1 fiel2
$ git diff --cached

To get a brief summary of the situation with git status

2. Viewing project history

# At any point you can view history of changes
$ git log

# to see complete diffs at each step
$  git log -p

# overview of the change
$ git log --start --summary

3. Branch management

  • create a new branch:
# Create a feature branch
$ git checkout -b feature/foo master
# or
$ git branch feature/foo
  • list all branches:
# list all branches
$ git branch

# you will get the result as below
 feature/foo
*master

# the asterisk(*) means the branch you currently on
  • switch branch
# switch to feature/foo branch
$ git checkout feature/foo
  • delete branch
# -d: ensures the changes in feature/foo are already in its upstream branch
$ git branch -d feature/foo

# -D: shortcut for --delete --force
$ git branch -D feature/foo
  • update branch from master branch
$ git fetch origin
$ git merge origin/master
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